Stephen Fodor
- Jun 14, 2021
- 8 min read

G7 not hostile towards China, price hikes look ubiquitous, container rates aren't done skyrocketing

Monday Morning Wake Up Call

June 14, 2021

France's Macron says G7 is not hostile towards China

(Reuters) The G7 group of nations may have its differences with China over issues such as forced labor and human rights, but it is not a club that is hostile to the Asian economic powerhouse, French President Emmanuel Macron said on Sunday.

“China is an economic rival from whom we expect the full respect of (international trade) rules,” Macron told a news conference at the end of a summit of G7 leaders in Britain. Reporting by Michel Rose Editing by Richard Lough Editing by David Goodman

Surge in Shipping Costs Globally Could Cause Price Hikes From Coffee to Toys

(TIME) — The skyrocketing price of shipping goods across the globe may hit your pocketbook sooner than you think — from that cup of coffee you get each morning to the toys you were thinking of buying your kids.

Transporting a 40-foot steel container of cargo by sea from Shanghai to Rotterdam now costs a record $10,522, a whopping 547% higher than the seasonal average over the last five years, according to Drewry Shipping. With upwards of 80% of all goods trade transported by sea, freight-cost surges are threatening to boost the price of everything from toys, furniture and car parts to coffee, sugar and anchovies, compounding concerns in global markets already bracing for accelerating inflation.

“In 40 years in toy retailing I have never known such challenging conditions from the point of view of pricing,” Gary Grant, the founder and executive chairman of the U.K. toy shop The Entertainer, said in a interview. He has had to stop importing giant teddy bears from China because their retail price would have had to double to add in higher freight costs. “Will this have an impact on retail prices? My answer has to be yes.”

A confluence of factors — soaring demand, a shortage of containers, saturated ports and too few ships and dock workers — have contributed to the squeeze on transportation capacity on every freight path. Recent Covid outbreaks in Asian export hubs like China have made matters worse. The pain is most acutely felt on longer-distance routes, making shipping from Shanghai to Rotterdam 67% more expensive than to the U.S. West Coast, for instance.

Often dismissed as having an insignificant impact on inflation because they were a tiny part of the overall expense, rising shipping costs are now forcing some economists to pay them a bit more attention. Although still seen as a relatively minor input, HSBC Holdings Plc estimates that a 205% increase in container shipping costs over the past year could raise euro-area producer prices by as much as 2%.

At the retail level, vendors are faced with three choices: halt trade, raise prices or absorb the cost to pass it on later, all of which would effectively mean more expensive goods, said Jordi Espin, strategic relations manager at the European Shippers’ Council, a Brussels-based trade group that represents about 100,000 retailers, wholesalers and manufacturers.

“These costs are already being passed to consumers,” he said.

Prices for customers are rising in other ways, too. For instance, anchovies from Peru have largely stopped being imported into Europe because with the higher freight costs they’re not competitive relative to what’s available locally, Espin said. Also, European olive growers can no longer afford to export to the U.S., he said.

Meanwhile, shipping bottlenecks and costs are hurting the transport of arabica coffee beans, favored by Starbucks, and robusta beans used to make instant coffee, which are largely sourced from Asia.

Few industry observers expect container rates to retreat much any time soon. Lars Jensen, CEO of consultant Vespucci Maritime in Copenhagen, said on a Flexport Inc. webinar last week that there’s “zero slack in the system.”

Closely held French shipping company CMA CGM SA, which raked in net income of $2.1 billion in the first quarter compared with $48 million in the year-ago period, indicated recently that it expects “sustained demand for the transportation of consumer goods” to continue throughout the year.

Freight costs are more painful for companies that move clunky, low-value items like toys and furniture. “If they are bulky products it means you can’t get very many in the container and that will have a significant impact on the landed price of the goods,” said The Entertainer’s Grant.

For some lower-value furniture makers, freight now makes up about 62% of the retail value, according to Alan Murphy, CEO of consultant Sea-Intelligence in Copenhagen.

“You simply can’t survive on this,” he said. “Someone is bleeding very hard.”

Companies are desperately trying to work around the higher costs. Some have stopped exporting to certain locations while others are looking for goods or raw materials from nearer locations, according to Philip Damas, founder and operational head of Drewry Supply Chain Advisors.

“The longer these extreme shipping freight rates last, the more companies will take structural measures to shorten their supply chains,” Damas said. “Few companies can absorb a 15% increase in total delivered costs for internationally traded products.”

Some firms in Europe are resorting to extreme methods, like using truck convoys to get products including automotive parts, bikes and scooters from China, said Espin at the European Shippers’ Council.

Central bankers have so far been sanguine about the phenomenon, arguing that the rise in consumer prices tied to supply hiccups won’t last. European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde said on June 10 that while supply-chain bottlenecks would push up production prices and the headline inflation rate is expected to rise further in the second half of this year, the effect will fade.

Several factors explain the relative lack of concern. Shipping costs only constitute a small fraction of the final price of a manufactured good, with economists at Goldman Sachs Group Inc. estimating in March — when China-Europe rates were about half of current levels — that internationally they made up less than 1%.

To top that, companies have annual contracts with the container lines, so the prices they’ve locked in are considerably lower than the headline-grabbing spot rates. Although the latest round of contract negotiations in May reflected the stronger spot market, HSBC trade economist Shanella Rajanayagam said that “the longer-term rates are much much lower than the spot rates, even if they are feeding through.”

With the end of lockdowns consumer demand is likely to shift to services from goods, but “the risk of course is that higher shipping costs persist — especially given ongoing shipping disruption — and that producers become more willing to pass these higher costs on to consumers,” Rajanayagam said.

While many economists note that even a full pass-through of higher shipping fares to consumers will have a marginal effect on headline inflation, Volker Wieland, a professor of economics at the Goethe University in Frankfurt and a member of the German government’s council of economic advisers, warns that they might not be sufficiently factored in.

“Even if the order of magnitude is smaller than estimated, the dynamic builds over a year and has significant effects,” he said. “That means there’s a danger we’re underestimating the impact.”

To Read More: https://time.com/6073233/shipping-costs-surge-price-hike-goods/

Container rates rocket even higher — and there’s no end in sight

(FreightWaves) Another week, another record for container shipping spot rates. And alarmingly for shippers, upward rate momentum is accelerating.

Different indexes come up with different numbers, and the premium charges on top of spot rates are now so high that index rates no longer capture the true cost of ocean shipping. However, when various indices all move in the same direction, it does reflect changes in the supply-demand balance.

That balance is tipping more to the detriment of cargo shippers with each passing week.

“We haven’t seen the worst of it — $20,000 [per FEU] all-in rates to the East Coast are coming,” predicted Steve Ferreira, CEO and founder of Ocean Audit.

Peak season is just around the corner and supply chain disruptions remain widespread. COVID-disrupted ports in China and Malaysia are the latest hot spots. “It clearly appears that supply chain problems are worsening and not improving,” warned Lars Jensen, CEO of Vespucci Maritime.

Asia-East Coast rates jump

The Freightos Baltic Daily Index for Asia-East Coast surged by around 20% in just the past few days. As of Thursday, the Freightos rate reached $9,317 per FEU, its highest point ever and up 224% year on year (y/y).

S&P Global Platts provides daily assessments of Freight All Kinds (FAK) rates. Its North Asia-East Coast FAK assessment, as of Thursday, was $6,800 per FEU, up 152% y/y.

Asia-West Coast rates also jump

There have recently been big moves up for rates to West Coast ports, as well.

Freightos put Thursday’s Asia-West Coast spot rate at a record-high $6,341 per FEU, up 194% y/y. Drewry’s weekly Shanghai-Los Angeles index is at $6,313 per FEU, up 6% w/w and 199% y/y.

Panama spread keeps widening

Asia-East Coast rates have been rising faster than Asia-West Coast rates, according to Freightos’ data.

As a result, Freightos’ East Coast-West Coast spread — the premium importers pay to take the long route via the Panama Canal — hit $2,976 per FEU on Thursday, a record high. It has spiked in recent days.

Trans-Atlantic westbound rates keep rising

At first, the trans-Atlantic westbound route from Europe to the East Coast averted the massive rate inflation seen on other lanes. That reprieve ended in April.

Freightos’ Europe-East Coast assessment for Thursday was $5,193 per FEU, a new record and up 164% y/y.

Underscoring how different indexes come up with different figures, Drewry’s number is much lower than Freightos’. Drewry put Rotterdam-New York rates at $3,988 per FEU, up 66% y/y.

During an interview last month, Nerijus Poskus, Flexport’s vice president of global ocean, told American Shipper, “The most interesting to me is the trans-Atlantic, where prices have hit over $5,000 [per FEU, westbound]. It is quite balanced between imports and exports and while eastbound pays less than westbound, it still pays well. So, in my opinion, the trans-Atlantic is the best money-maker for shipping lines these days.”

Trans-Pacific exports: Full and empty

Rates for U.S. exports out of the West Coast to Asia have also jumped, albeit off a far lower base. Freightos assessed rates on this route at $1,208 per FEU on Thursday, up 154% y/y.

The trans-Pacific has always been much less balanced than the trans-Atlantic — and is now even more so. There is a scramble to get empty containers to West Coast ports so they can be returned to Asia and used for U.S. imports. This is leading to never-before-seen patterns in rail data.

FreightWaves SONAR has proprietary data on a portion of movements of loaded and unloaded international containers by rail, including 20- and 40-foot units.

Usually, loaded inbound international containers to Los Angeles/Long Beach carrying export cargoes are around double the volume of empty containers arriving at the ports.

The spread between the two narrowed at the beginning of the year, and since April, international rail empties covered by the dataset arriving in Southern California have exceeded loaded inbound boxes. The gap is widening. On Thursday, the volume of inbound empties arriving in Los Angeles/Long Beach was 46% higher than the loaded rail volume.

Another highly unusual pattern has emerged in Chicago, yet another indicator of the rush to get empties back to Asia.

Last year, the number of loaded international containers included in the proprietary dataset leaving Chicago by rail was around double the outbound empty units. But this month, outbound empties surpassed outbound loaded international boxes.

On a relative basis, the shift is even clearer. The number of loaded full containers covered by the dataset that were leaving Chicago on Thursday was down 4% y/y, while empties were up 62% y/y.

According to FreightWaves Maritime Expert Henry Byers, “The situation with international containers in Chicago is yet another major indicator of how severe the supply side problems are.”

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